Ceisteanna á gcur ag
Ars Poetica na Slóvaice:
Poetry,
a little alien? Why care about it?
Poetry is an act of renewing the Imagination and
reshaping it for our times and maybe even for all time. Poetry always
exists, though not necessarily always on the page. It has been around
for thousands of years and links us with Reality in a special way,
often in a memorable way, and links us as well to ancestors whom we
may have forgotten, links us to history and to landscape and renews
the language that is on our lips.
Who
are you as a poet?
I am a bilingual poet-translator and haikuist working
in Irish and English. Writers create national literature, translators
create world literature, says Saramago.
What
kind of literary tradition, particular authors or modes of literary
thinking have you found inspirational for your work?
In three volumes of sacred
poetry from around the world, fashioned into Irish (Gaelic), saints
and sinners rub shoulders with shamans, sages and seers. This is good
company for poets. This is the type of poetry I like to read and
translate, Sufi poetry, Bhakti poetry, Taoist poetry, tribal poetry
from everybody and anybody on earth, Aztec or Inuit. This is
timeless poetry. Much of modern poetry in the West is arid and
intellectualized and has been so polluted by university learning that
the music and the heart has been squeezed out of it, alas.
Please
give several examples of contemporary European or international
poets that you believe are most significant (in any possible sense)
and comment briefly on their merit.
I have translated into Irish (using English as a bridge
language) poets such as Kristiina Ehin from Estonia and Nikola
Madzirov from Macedonia who are not afraid of magical realms. They
are in tune with something that is magical and Real.
If
asked about transnational influences in today’s international or
European poetry, what examples would most readily account for?
Rumi
is very popular, as is Hafiz. One might have academic doubts
sometimes about the actual translations but the popularity of Rumi
is no bad thing, if only to remind us that poetry is essentially a
spiritual activity. Turning to poets of our own time, Milosz, too,
is quite popular.
In
all likelihood, some of the innovative patterns in contemporary
poetics have not yet reached the acknowledgment of either the
national or international literary canon. Can you provide some
examples of specific authors or poetics that you believe are still
undeservedly flying below the radar screen of broader critical
community? What makes these patterns innovative and makes them
supersede established modes of writing and/or reading?
Innovation is not all that important.
The true voice of poetry is unmistakable, whether innovative or not.
The huge problem we have today is the dominance of English and the
neglect of poets writing in lesser-spoken languages and also the work
of dialect poets. There are a number of poets in former British
colonies around the world who write in English and many of them write
very badly in English; they should be encouraged to return to the
wellsprings of their own culture where they will find the idiom, the
colour and the music to serve their aesthetic needs and challenges.
Are
there any influences or inspirations emanating from the poetries and
poets from the former “communist countries” that you have been
able to recognize as having an impact in the countries of “the
West”? If yes, how would you describe this inspiration and the
possible reasons for it receiving acclaim or resonance in certain
artistic or social communities?
The only good reason to read poetry
is the passion and sincerity behind it which deepens our own sense of
humanity and the mysterious layers of the universe within and without
and, of course, there are dozens of poets from the former communist
block who are outstanding,
How
do you see the poet–reader relationship’s current state and its
evolution in the contemporary cultural landscape? Please share any
possible examples of that very relationship as being alienated, or,
on the opposite side enlivened, re-energized, or newly franchised.
Code Poetry in Greece recently posted
a haiku of mine as stenciled graffiti. That’s one way of doing
things as bookshops close down. We have to be innovative and ‘urban
guerilla’ tactics with stencils and paint is something I would
strongly approve of.
What
kinds of fresh genres or types of poetry do you see emerging in
today’s international landscape? Can you see any identifiable new
kinds of “ars poetica”?
Again, the emphasis is on the ‘new’.
Why? Good poetry is always ‘new’. It should not try to be new.
This is putting the cart before the horse!
Both
the discourses of poetry and politics seem to carry an aspiration to
win human hearts and minds, or even change lives. What examples do
you see of fruitful interaction between political and poetic
discourses and agenda?
Is capitalism undergoing a crisis? Do groups such as
‘Anarcho-Primitivists’ have something to say about the economic,
social and ecological crisis we are living through?
I think Wendell Berry’s Mad Farmer is one type of
effective response to the world’s anguish:
The Mad
Farmer Revolution
Being a Fragment
of the Natural
History of New Eden,
in Homage
To Mr. Ed McClanahan, One of the
Locals
The
mad farmer, the thirsty one,
went dry. When he had time
he
threw a visionary high
lonesome on the holy communion wine.
"It
is an awesome event
when an earthen man has drunk
his fill of
the blood of a god,"
people said, and got out of his way.
He
plowed the churchyard, the
minister's wife, three graveyards
and
a golf course. In a parking lot
he planted a forest of little
pines.
He sanctified the groves,
dancing at night in the oak
shades
with goddesses. He led
a field of corn to creep up
and
tassel like an Indian tribe
on the courthouse lawn. Pumpkins
ran
out to the ends of their vines
to follow him. Ripe plums
and
peaches reached into his pockets.
Flowers sprang up in his
tracks
everywhere he stepped. And then
his planter's eye fell
on
that parson's fair fine lady
again. "O holy plowman,"
cried she,
"I am all grown up in weeds.
Pray, bring me
back into good tilth."
He tilled her carefully
and laid
her by, and she
did bring forth others of her kind,
and others,
and some more.
They sowed and reaped till all
the countryside
was filled
with farmers and their brides sowing
and reaping.
When they died
they became two spirits of the woods.
On
their graves were written
these words without sound:
"Here
lies Saint Plowman.
Here lies Saint Fertile Ground."
How would you envisage an optimal
cohabitation of the two “pos” (poetry & politics) that would
be beneficial to your co-citizens?
I would keep them apart, I’m afraid. The world of
politics is a world of patronage and privilege. It corrupts
everything it touches. In this I am in agreement with Ed Abbey:
Anarchism
is not a romantic fable but the hardheaded realization, based on five
thousand years of experience, that we cannot entrust the management
of our lives to kings, priests, politicians, generals, & county
commissioners."
What
kinds of values and qualities do you think media poetry (sound
poetry, visual poetry, kinetic poetry, digital poetry and poetic
performance) can offer in comparison with poetry conceived of as a
traditional written fixed text form? Please exemplify.
I like visual poetry and for years
now I have been creating Photo-Haiga, haiku in Irish and English in
response to nature photography by Ron Rosenstock (no relation). We
hope to have an audio-visual show, with a music track, based on this
material and present it as an installation in a gallery space near
you! The South African composer and musician Eugene Skeef, based in
London, is creating the sound track. I’m all for YouTube
presentations of poetry as well, such as this one by Chicano poet
Francisco X. Alarcón (one of the first poets I translated into
Irish), talking about being bilingual and bicultural:
How would you describe the
difference between the kinds of creative inspiration that you may
experience as generated by your imagination as opposed to the
potence emanating from the appropriative process of handling
meaningful contexts and patterns already existing?
All genuine works of art emanate from
the imagination, and the degree to which pre-existing forms are
present in the new work is not relevant at all.
Would
it be fair to say that we have witnessed a gradual shift in a
broader understanding of the very notion of (creative) writing due
to the rise of the media and programming?
Possibly. But today, everybody is an
‘artist’ and this is boloney because not everybody is an artist!
What
kind of unique experience does media/experimental poetry mediate to
you (your mind and body) that you would not be able to find
otherwise?
Every imaginative work of art is a unique experience and
media/experimentation are secondary matters.
What
do you think poetry stands for today? Has the recent advancement in
the natural sciences and humanities influenced our very
understanding and possibilities of poetry?
Poetry is at a low ebb in our
TV-saturated age. Pop songs now provide poetic emotion for the
masses. Poets have retreated to academic towers. They should be
hunted out of these towers, back in to the fields and the woods and
the riverbanks where they might recover their senses.
What
makes a poem a poem? Has this apparently notorious question been in
any sense reinvigorated or revisited in the wake of the rise of the
global and globalized civilizational experience?
Nothing that has ever happened, or
that will ever happen, can ever change what a poem is. Its essential
nature is timeless, unpredictable and inviolable. Here is a Navaho
poem taken from the Poetry Chaikhana site. I am unable to appreciate
it in its original language and yet it sings to me in a way that few
poems from our age do: the refreshing innocence it contains is also
in us and actually exists in the core of our own hearts if we knew
how to get in there, find it and sing from that space.
Gabriel
Rosenstock, Éire (Ireland)
Beauty is Before Me
Beauty is
before me,
And beauty is behind me.
Above and below me hovers
the beautiful.
I am surrounded by it.
I am immersed in it.
In
my youth I am aware of it,
And in old age I shall walk quietly
The
beautiful trail.